Project changes and/or adjustments are inevitable as they are a fact-of-life at all stages of design and
construction. In an EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, U.K.) report (Sun et al.,
2004), it states that “More than a third of major clients are dissatisfied with contractors’ performance
in keeping to the quoted price and to time, resolving defects, and delivering a final product of the
required quality.”