The long list of species identified in pollen studies of bee products from the semi-arid region reflects the dependence of eusocial bees
(A. mellifera and stingless bees) on continuous supplies of nectar and pollen during the entire year (Santos et al., 2005).
The scarcity of food resources in the Caatinga region during the dry season (especially between the months of September and December) is accompanied by a decrease in the richness of pollen types during that period, and the species that are most important to these bees during this season (such as Anadenanthera colubrine (Vell.) Brenan, Commiphora leptophloeos [Mart.] J.B. Gillett and Croton spp) are seen to be strongly represented. It will be important to focus future studies on the biology of these plant species due to their potential usefulness in managed apiculture and meliponiculture activities. The pollination strategies of these species will need to be investigated in order to evaluate the possible impacts of the introduction of exotic bee species on the guilds of native pollinators.