This model case demonstrates the
defining attributes of vulnerability in the
perioperative patient. Mrs A presented
with physical signs of anxiety and she
was visibly upset. She demonstrated
psychological signs of exposure to a
stressor (anaesthesia and surgery) by
expressing fear of anaesthesia and fear of
the unknown, loss of control, diminished
autonomy, helplessness, powerlessness
and dependence on practitioners for care.
She had a heightened awareness of the
risk of surgery to her personal safety and
ensuing life changes.