Participants
Participants were graduate level students during all six quarters of the last two academic years at a Carnegie I
Research University. In the first meeting of the course, a survey included five questions distributed to the
participants. Questions in the survey were: Gender, age, academic major, degree pursued and number of statistics
courses taken. During the first meeting of the lecture portion of the course, the professor explained that a one
credit hour lab was scheduled and recommended. The students were then registered for the introduction
statistics course without Computer-assisted learning (Lecture - only; n = 140) or with Computer-assisted learning
(Lecture-plus-CAI; n = 65).