Through Geometry theory, the multiple coverage areas formed by the sensor nodes are deployed in the range of the
critical target node, and let the critical nodes reside in the coverage area of multiple sensor nodes, when redundant
data appears in one node, node status scheduling mechanisms is adopted to allow some of the nodes switch into
sleep state to reduce the consumption of network energy. By using Gaussian normality density function and of the
probability function for coverage area, each sub-region is iterative optimized and the optimal subset is obtained, thus
making the entire network nodes be optimized, and the number of minimum coverage nodes can be determined. The
algorithm has a less computational overhead, low complexity, and effectively save the energy consumption of each
node, which in turn prolong the network life cycle, and improve the quality of the network performance. When the
target into a cluster head monitoring area, to the neighbours cluster head node sends a packet containing the target
information, all the monitoring to the target cluster are dynamically in the target around to form a group, cluster
member nodes only with the cluster node communication, the cluster head and between cluster heads can be
mutually communication. Involved in tracking has the cluster number depending on the size of the radius of the grid.
For example, if the access grid side length equal to the radius of communication node, then a maximum of only four
cluster capable of simultaneously monitoring to the target. When at the same time two or more than two cluster head
and monitoring to the target, we select these clusters in a cluster head node as a leader node, cluster head first to the
neighbours hair to send their and monitoring the distance between the target data information, if the cluster head
received a distance closer to the target hair to information, give up campaign to become leader node. Selection
criteria for: first, choose from the closest cluster head node; second, if there is two or more than two cluster head
node and the target and the distance between the same, residual energy larger the lead node. All the monitoring to
the target cluster head node will be sent to a leader node data first, and then by the leading node calculation and data
fusion are transmitted to a data centre node. As shown in figure1: