That may be what Mintzberg (1994) alludes to in his pivotal work decrying the pervasiveness of disjointed
planners in modern organizations. Strategic planning, as it has been practiced, has really been
“strategic programming…. Planning has always been about analysis – about breaking down a
goal or set of intentions into steps, formalizing those steps so that they can be implementedalmost automatically and articulating the anticipated cons equence or results of each step” (p.109)