AWS A5.23/A5.23M-97 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for
Submerged Arc Welding
AWS A5.28-96 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas
Shielded Arc Welding
AWS A5.29-1998 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc
Welding
2.21 ANSI/AWS-D1.1
Structural Welding Code – Steel
As the most prominent of the D1 series, this Code provides comprehensive rules pertaining to the
construction of welded steel structures. It covers the design and strength of welds, qualification
requirements for welding procedures and welding personnel, workmanship, inspection and quality
acceptance criteria.
The Code consists of eight sections, annexes and commentary as follows:
Section 1 General Requirements
Section 2 Design of Welded Connections
Section 3 Prequalification of WPSs
Section 4 Qualification
Section 5 Fabrication
Section 6 Inspection
Section 7 Stud Welding
Section 8 Strengthening and Repairing Existing Structures
Annexes and Commentary
The Code covers only arc welding processes and incorporates the concept of prequalified welding
procedures in conjunction with the use of prequalified joint details.
It is comparable to the CSA Standard W59 – Welded Steel Construction, except for its extensive
coverage of tubular structures and its requirements for qualification of welding procedures and welding
personnel.
It should be noted that it is a conformance code. It is up to the fabricators to voluntarily adopt and
conform to it and the AWS does not monitor and enforce their adherence as does the Canadian
Welding Bureau on CSA W59 and W47 with certified companies.
The AWS D1.1 Code, with its commentary, has been published on a yearly basis. As an authoritative
document, it enjoys worldwide recognition.