Each of the four aspects can vary from blowQ to
bhighQ, and a scientific field can be characterized by
its position on the scale for the four aspects. Whitley
bases a typology of reputational systems on the four
aspects and exemplifies how different fields can be
categorized (ch. 5). Theoretically, sixteen combinations
are possible, but some combinations can be ruled
out, as they are logically impossible, for instance, it
does not make sense to combine low functional
dependence with low task uncertainty. Whitley ends
up with seven reputational systems that seem likely to
be stable. In his exposition of these systems–and
throughout the book–he includes a large number of
supplementary characteristics of scientific fields, both
cognitive and organizational, and he argues that these
characteristics can be linked to the degree of mutual
dependence and task uncertainty and thus to the
different types of reputational system. Furthermore, he
identifies different contextual factors that are also
associated with the different types of reputational
system. By outlining all these relationships, Whitley
provides clues to dynamic analyses of the development
of scientific fields over time, but the exposition
becomes highly complex, and it is not always clear
which variables in the dmodelT are dependent and
independent, respectively
Each of the four aspects can vary from blowQ tobhighQ, and a scientific field can be characterized byits position on the scale for the four aspects. Whitleybases a typology of reputational systems on the fouraspects and exemplifies how different fields can becategorized (ch. 5). Theoretically, sixteen combinationsare possible, but some combinations can be ruledout, as they are logically impossible, for instance, itdoes not make sense to combine low functionaldependence with low task uncertainty. Whitley endsup with seven reputational systems that seem likely tobe stable. In his exposition of these systems–andthroughout the book–he includes a large number ofsupplementary characteristics of scientific fields, bothcognitive and organizational, and he argues that thesecharacteristics can be linked to the degree of mutualdependence and task uncertainty and thus to thedifferent types of reputational system. Furthermore, heidentifies different contextual factors that are alsoassociated with the different types of reputationalsystem. By outlining all these relationships, Whitleyprovides clues to dynamic analyses of the developmentof scientific fields over time, but the expositionbecomes highly complex, and it is not always clearwhich variables in the dmodelT are dependent andindependent, respectively
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