As mentioned above, IEM strategies were derived from emotion regulation of self
strategies (Gross, 1998) because it is thought that individuals manage others’ emotions
at work using the same tactics that they use to manage their own emotions (Francis,
1997; Lively, 2000; Thoits, 1996; Williams, 2007). Thus, the antecedent-focused strategy
of reappraisal should be positively related to antecedent-focused IEM strategies (SM,
AD, CC) while the response-focused strategy (suppression) should be positively related
to the response-focused IEM strategy (MER); however, these strategies should also be
distinct given the different referent (self vs. other).