To establish the first condition, before we examined the effects of church attendance and importance of religion on lying to parents, we determined whether there was a relationship between church attendance and importance of religion and the variables that we hypothesized would mediate the effect of religiosity on lying to parents, parental attachment, self-control, substance use, and friends' substance use. The results, depicted in Table 2, indicated that church attendace had a significant negative effect on marijuana use, drinking alcohol, and associating with friends who use substances but did not have a significant effect on parental attachment or self-control. Therefore parental attachment and self-control cannot mediate the effect of church attendance on lying to parents, since church attendance had no effect on parental attachment or self-control. In contrast to church attendance, the results indicated that importance of religion was significantly related to all of the hypothesized intervening variables. That is adolescents who believe that religion is important are more attached to their parents, have higher self-control, are less likely to use marihuana and drink alcohol, and are less likely to have friends who use substances.