each sample was weighted and left in the crucible. Then the crucible
was placed in the muffle furnace and converted to ash at
700 C for 18 h. It was later cooled to the room temperature in a
desiccator and weighted. Then, the sample was ignited in a furnace
at 550 C (dull red) until the weight become constant. In this
condition, the light gray ash was observed in the dish. The experiment
was done in triplicate for each sample and ash content was
calculated based on the following equation:
Total ashðg=100gÞ¼ðAsh weight=Original sample weightÞ100
(2)
2.5.3. Cooking yield
Cooking yield was determined according to American Association
of Cereal Chemists method (AACC 66-50, 2003) with minor
modification. The known amount (4.0 g) of dry gluten-free pasta
was boiled in 100 g distilled water for 5 min. The boiled samples
were then rinsed and drained for 5 min. The averages of three individual
measurements were considered for each sample.