5. ConclusionThis paper proposes a self-referencing colorimeter for the determination of chlorine concentration in water by using a mobile device such as a smart phone and a tablet. Our key idea is to utilize the 2D detection from the digital camera of the mobile device by means of arranging both the reference material and the small transparent bottle in such a way that they both fit in the camera's field of view. In this way, one color image simultaneously contains regions from the reference material and from the small transparent bottle. After that, a specific color ratio called CR from these two image regions are used for specifically converting the water color inside the small transparent bottle into its corresponding chlorine concentration. Experimental demonstration using a smart phone with an Android operating system, a white A4 paper, and the KI–starch solution shows a promising result in determining chlorine concentrations in 0.3–1.0 ppm with <7% standard deviation error. Influences of 600–1200 lx of indoor illumination and ±2 cm longitudinal misalignment do not tremendously affect the practical use. Additional key features include low cost, portability, ease of implementation, and possibly large distribution via application markets. In addition, when compared our mobile device-based colorimeter to a typical colorimeter, it can be seen that our mobile device-based colorimeter provides an ability to easily reprogram or recalibrate it for desired purposes. In our future work, we plan to apply our mobile device-based colorimeter to real samples such as chlorinated water in swimming pools, water pipes, and baby shrimp tanks.
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