There are also synchronization and reference signals in the
LTE subframe which are utilized at the receiver for channel
estimation and carrier frequency offset estimation. The synchronization signals include primary (PSCH) and secondary (SSCH) synchronization signals. These are located on 62 subcarriers around the DC subcarrier in sixth and seventh OFDM symbols in the first slot of first and sixth subframes as shown in Fig. 3. As mentioned earlier different configurations for reference symbols have been defined for different channel conditions. In this work hexagonal grid is used as shown in
Fig. 3.