and the amount of chitosan used was four times larger; therefore, the decrease in specific enzyme activity was perhaps mainly a result of using more chitosan. Using this immobilization method, nearly all the cells in the fermentation broth or cell suspension were immobilized, the filtrate was very clear, and no free cells were found when the solution was examined under a microscope. However, in the conventional immobilization method with chitosan, some of the cells or enzymes remained unbound to the activated carrier, and more steps were needed to improve the immobilization yield. The simpler method also requires less facility dependence: however, there were some Many impurities that could react with and a cross-linker were also immobilized. In particular, in the fermentation broth, more impurities were immobilized, which also contributed to the higher weight of the immobilized cells (Table 1).