Marriage Practices
In Pre-Islamic Arabia a variety of different marriage practices existed. The most common and recognized types of marriage at this time consisted of: marriage by agreement, marriage by capture, marriage by purchase, marriage by inheritance and "Mot'a" or temporary marriage.
Marriage by Agreement
Marriage by agreement consisted of an agreement between a man and his future wife's family. This marriage could be within the tribe or between two families of different tribes. In the case that involved a man and woman of two different tribes, the woman would leave her family and permanently reside within her husband.
The tribe of the husband then kept the couples children, unless a different arrangement was previously made which returned the children to their mother's tribe. In other cases women were forbidden from marrying outside of the tribe and had to either marry another member or a stranger who would agree to live within her tribe.
The reason for inter-tribal marriages was to ensure the protection and possession of the children the couple would produce. Women in inter-tribal marriages received more freedom and retained the right to dismiss or divorce their husbands at any time. The women had precise rituals they used to inform their husbands of their dismissal, such as this: "if they lived in a tent they turned it around, so that if the door faced east, it now faced west, and when the man saw this, he knew that he was dismissed and did not enter".
Marriage by Capture
Marriage by capture, or "Ba'al", was a common pre-Islamic marriage practice. Most often taking place during times of war, marriage by capture occurred when women were taken captive by men from other tribes and placed on the slave market of Mecca. From the slave market these women were sold into marriage or slavery.
In captive marriages men bought their wives and therefore had complete control over them. Women in these marriages had no freedom and were subjected to following their husbands orders and bearing his children. These women became their husbands property and had no rights to divorce or dismissal of her husband and therefore completely lost any previous freedom. Her husband had absolute authority over her, including the exclusive right to divorce. The husbands of these marriages were classified as their wife's lord or owner and had complete rights to his wife and her actions.
Marriage by Purchase
Marriage by purchase was a more traditional marriage practice. These marriages consisted of a woman's family paying a man "Mahr", or a dowry, to marry their daughter. The dowry usually consisted of items like camels and horses. Women in purchase marriages faced the same oppression as the women who were forced into marriages by capture.
This practice may have led to a decrease in female infanticide due to the profit a family could incur for selling their daughter. Women in these marriages were subject to their husbands control and had very little rights or freedom of their own.
Marriage by Inheritance
Marriage by inheritance, thus incestuous relationships between a son and his own mother was "a widespread custom throughout Arabia, including Medina and Mecca". This practice involved the possession of a deceased man's wife being passed down to his son.
In such a case, the son has several different options. He could keep her (own mother) as his wife, arrange a marriage by purchase for her to enter into from which he would receive a dowry for her, or he could simply dismiss her and had the right to forbid her to remarry. In these cases, as in the majority of marriage practices at this time, the woman had little or no rights and was subjected to follow the orders or her inheritor.
แนวทางแต่งงานในซาอุดิอาระเบีย Pre-Islamic หลากหลายวิธีแต่งงานแตกต่างกันอยู่ ส่วนใหญ่ทั่วไป และรู้จักชนิดของการแต่งงานครั้งนี้ประกอบด้วย: สมรส โดยข้อตกลง แต่งงาน โดยจับภาพ แต่งงานซื้อ สมรสสืบทอดและ "Mot'a" หรือการแต่งงานชั่วคราวแต่งงานตามข้อตกลงแต่งงานตามข้อตกลงประกอบด้วยข้อตกลงระหว่างคนและครอบครัวของภรรยาในอนาคต นี้แต่งงานอาจภาย ในเผ่า หรือ ระหว่างสองครอบครัวของชนเผ่าต่าง ๆ ในกรณีที่ชายและหญิงของทั้งสองเผ่าที่แตกต่างกัน ผู้หญิงจะปล่อยให้ครอบครัวของเธอ และอยู่อย่างถาวรในสามีเผ่าของสามีแล้วเก็บเด็กคู่ เว้นแต่ว่าก่อนหน้านี้ทำการจัดที่แตกต่างกันซึ่งส่งเด็กกลับไปเผ่าของแม่ ในบางกรณี ผู้หญิงถูกห้ามจากแต่งนอกเผ่า และได้จะแต่งงานกับสมาชิกอื่นหรือคนแปลกหน้าที่จะยอมรับอยู่ในเผ่าของเธอเหตุผลของการแต่งงานระหว่างชาวให้ปกป้อง และครอบครองเด็กคู่จะทำ ผู้หญิงแต่งงานระหว่างชาวได้รับเสรีภาพมากกว่า และรักษาสิทธิ์ในการยกเลิก หรือหย่าสามีตลอดเวลา ผู้หญิงมีพิธีกรรมที่ละเอียดจะใช้ในกรณีที่สามีของตนไล่ออก เช่นนี้: "ถ้าพวกเขาอาศัยอยู่ในเต็นท์จะเปิดรอบ เพื่อว่าถ้าประตูกับตะวันออก มันขณะนี้ต้องเผชิญกับตะวันตก และเมื่อชายคนนั้นเห็นนี้ เขารู้ว่า เขาถูกไล่ และไม่ได้ใส่"Marriage by CaptureMarriage by capture, or "Ba'al", was a common pre-Islamic marriage practice. Most often taking place during times of war, marriage by capture occurred when women were taken captive by men from other tribes and placed on the slave market of Mecca. From the slave market these women were sold into marriage or slavery.In captive marriages men bought their wives and therefore had complete control over them. Women in these marriages had no freedom and were subjected to following their husbands orders and bearing his children. These women became their husbands property and had no rights to divorce or dismissal of her husband and therefore completely lost any previous freedom. Her husband had absolute authority over her, including the exclusive right to divorce. The husbands of these marriages were classified as their wife's lord or owner and had complete rights to his wife and her actions.Marriage by PurchaseMarriage by purchase was a more traditional marriage practice. These marriages consisted of a woman's family paying a man "Mahr", or a dowry, to marry their daughter. The dowry usually consisted of items like camels and horses. Women in purchase marriages faced the same oppression as the women who were forced into marriages by capture.This practice may have led to a decrease in female infanticide due to the profit a family could incur for selling their daughter. Women in these marriages were subject to their husbands control and had very little rights or freedom of their own.การสมรสมรดกสมรส โดยพินัยกรรม ดัง incestuous ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างลูกชายและแม่ของเขาเองถูก "เองอย่างแพร่หลายทั่วซาอุดิอาระเบีย เมดิน่าและเมกกะ" แบบฝึกหัดนี้เกี่ยวข้องกับการครอบครองภรรยาของชายผู้ที่ถูกส่งผ่านลงไปบุตรในกรณีเช่นนี้ บุตรมีหลายตัวเลือกที่แตกต่างกัน เขาสามารถเก็บเธอ (แม่เอง) เป็นภรรยา จัดแต่งงาน โดยซื้อเธอเข้าไปที่เขาจะได้รับเพราะมีเธอ หรือเขาอาจเพียงแค่บอกเลิกเธอ และมีสิทธิที่จะห้ามเธอ remarry ในกรณีเหล่านี้ ในส่วนใหญ่ของปฏิบัติการแต่งงานครั้งนี้ ผู้หญิงมีน้อย หรือไม่มีสิทธิ และต้องทำตามใบสั่งหรือ inheritor ของเธอ
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