After wound formation, blood coagulation factors are immediately
released to stop the bleeding and to induce the release of
neutrophils and macrophages, by the augmentation of vascular
permeability, to remove the infection. These processes are
classified as the coagulation and inflammation phases, which continue for 3-4 days. Macrophages release growth factors to promote collagen formation and angiogenesis during the inflammation
phase. Subsequently, from the 5th day to the 20th day,
wound healing proceeds to the proliferation phase. Angiogenesis
factors promote the growth of capillary buds fromthewound edge,
and fibroblasts secrete collagen to fill the wound. Subsequently,
epithelial cells and keratinocytes grow on the surface in a process
called epithelialization, and fibroblasts are converted into
myofibroblasts, which produce collagen for wound closure.
Finally, during the remodeling phase, which may last from several
months to years, tissue is reconstructed by collagen remodeling
and capillary regression to reduce scarring.Minimizing the wound
healing time is highly desirable. Among the four phases of this
complex wound healing process, the inflammation and proliferation
phases can be critical in reducing the healing time required.