Macroeconomic factors, such as exchange rate volatility, lower commodity prices and debt
concerns in emerging markets are among the factors cited as influencing future global FDI activity
(figure 3). However, there are differences across sectors and between economic groupings. Executives
from developing and transition economies are more optimistic than those at MNEs headquartered in
developed countries; and not unexpectedly, given the decline in commodity prices, MNEs from the
primary sector are more pessimistic than those in the manufacturing and, especially, services sectors