We conducted a literature review of published cases of
typhoid and nontyphoid Salmonella (NTS) endocarditis from
1976 onward by searching the PubMed database with the
following keywords: “Salmonella endocarditis”, “nontyphoid
Salmonella endocarditis”, and “mural endocarditis
due to Salmonella”. The cases reported between 1976 and
2002 have been summarized in two review articles with 42
cases reported during 1976e1984,
4
and 30 cases reported
during 1986e2002.
10
They were compared with the cases
we reviewed and summarized during the latest period
(2003e2014). Furthermore, to identify the role of Salmonella
species among the causative pathogens of infective
endocarditis, we used the keyword “infective endocarditis”
to search for relevant articles. Because of the rarity of
Salmonella species as the etiology of infective endocarditis,
we arbitrarily included large case series that involved
more than 500 cases in the past 10 years to identify the
representative reports for further analysis.