The trivoltine life histories of both C. analis and H. betteni in Upham
Brook have not been commonly reported for these or closely related species
at other locations. Rapid growth rates for both species during the summer
allowed at least two generations to develop over a 4- to 5-month period, with
the possibility of at least a partial fourth generation for C. analis. Other
studies have shown C. analis and related species as typically being bivoltine
(e.g., Cudney and Wallace 1980, Parker and Voshell 1982, Sanchez and
Hendricks 1997), although the related C. parentum may have been trivoltine
below an impoundment on the North Anna River just 40 km to the north of
Upham Brook (Parker and Voshell 1982).