ICT IN EDUCATION
A CURRICULUM AND PROGRAMME OF TEACHER DEVELOPMENT
Table 3.1. Matrix of indicators to determine a school's stage of progress in implementing ICT in terms of four approaches to ICT development and eight characteristics of schools
Emerging Applying Vision Dominated by individual interest. Limited. Pragmatic. Driven by ICT specialists.
Learning pedagogy
Teacher-centred. Didactic. Factual knowledge-based learning. Teacher-centred. Didactic. ICT a separate subject.
Development plans and policies
Non-existent. Accidental. Restrictive policies. No planned funding.
Limited. ICT development led by specialist. Centralized policies. Hardware and software funding. Automating existing practices.
Facilities and resources
Stand-alone workstations for administration. Individual classrooms. Computers and printers. Word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentation software. School administration software. Games.
Computer lab or individual classrooms for ICT specific outcomes. Computers, printers and limited peripherals. Word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentation software. ICT software. Internet access.
Understanding of curriculum
ICT literacy. Awareness of software. Responsibility of individual teachers.
Applying software within discrete subjects. Use of artificial and isolated contexts.
Professional development for school staff
Individual interest. ICT applications training. Unplanned. Personal ICT skills.
Community Discreet donations. Problem-driven. Accidental.
Seeking donations and grants. Parental and community involvement in ICT.
Assessment Equipment-based. Budget-oriented. Discrete subjects. Didactic. Paper and pencil. Controlling. Closed tasks. Responsibility of individual teacher.
Skills-based. Teacher-centred. Subject focused. Reporting levels. Moderated within subject areas.