Symptoms may appear immediately or be repressed until years later. DSM-IV-TR requires that symptoms be present for at cant others such as spouses can develop certain behaviors also. Often, these people experience the same trauma, even though they were not present for the original event. This is a experiencing “sympathetic labor” with their spouses. Symptoms include:
-“Flashbacks,” in which the person may relive and act out the traumatic event
- Social withdrawal
-Feelings of low self-esteem as a result of the event
- Changes in relationship with significant other and difficulty forming new relationships
- Irritability and outbursts of anger toward another person or situation, seemingly for no obvious reason
-Depression
- Chemical dependency, as a physical or behavioral response to the traumatic experience