practice,and,ultimately,patients’health outcomes.With the application of Riegel and Dickson’s HF situation- specific theory of self-care to DM self-care,we can clearly see that the influence of patients’ decision making/ nonroutine behaviors has not been sufficiently incorporated into DM self-care. Further research that ap- plies a comprehensive situation-specific theory of DM self-care will help inform both cardiovascular and DM nurses about commonalities in the management of dif- ferent diseases and how to care for DM patients who have comorbid CVD or vice versa.