Some of the biased reading passages (as in Questions 164, 176, 181., see
below) contain too many specialized terms. Such jargon of too specific and/
or technical a topic requires test-takers to be equipped with background
knowledge of the given topic. Despite the fact that background knowledge
constitutes the most fundamental basis of the complex reading processes, it
is important to maximize the validity and reliability of the test by minimiz-ing the unwarranted influence of background knowledge or technical terms
on, the reading comprehension test. It is clear that the test results should be
interpreted not as a function of the test-taker's background knowledge but
as the performance mainly of their English reading comprehension skills.