in the early 1990s [1].Desirable characteristics, such as high energy density, low auto-discharge rate, and high potential difference, made these batteries preferable to the typical Ni–Cd and Ni–MH batteries for many applications.
Moreover, Li-ion batteries are less harmful to the environment. For Li-ion batteries, the
main materials used are LiCoO2 in the cathode and carbon in the
anode [2]. High potentials obtained with these batteries (approximately 3.70V) hinder the utilization of aqueous electrolytes so that a mixture of lithium organic solvents and inorganic salts is usually
required.