Araucariaceae are unique amongst conifers in that the pollen is not deposited on the nucellus surface and there is no pollination exudate. Further, the pollen lacks either wings or air sacs. In Agathis, pollen grains lodge on the upper surface of the bract scale several millimetres from the micropyle. In A. robusta they are receptive from first appearance until 50 mm long though the period for effective pollination may be short. Pollen requires 80 percent relative humidity to germinate and germination is very slow at 25°C.