Screening for drought resistance in rainfed lowland rice
Abstract
In this review, reasons for the slow progress in development of drought resistant cultivars for rainfed lowland rice are considered ®rst. Recent advances in screening methods for development of drought resistant cultivars from mostly our research in Thailand in the 1990s, are then described for drought that develops early or late in the wet-season. There now
appears to be a good prospect for developing drought resistant cultivars that produce higher yield than existing cultivars when drought develops late in the wet-season. Appropriate phenology to escape late-season drought and high potential yield under well-watered conditions are important characters for cultivars adapted to rainfed lowland conditions. In addition, ability to
maintain higher leaf water potential when drought develops late in the season is another desirable character. Maintenance of leaf water potential just prior to ¯owering is associated with higher panicle water potential, reduced delay in ¯owering time, and reduced spikelet sterility, and hence contributes to higher yield. Genotypes that are adapted to areas of late-season drought
should also have high harvest index, intermediate height and rather small total dry matter compared to existing traditional cultivars, under well-watered conditions. This combination of characters would ensure high potential yield under favourable conditions and also contribute to resistance against late-season drought. Screening against early-season drought that develops
during the vegetative stage is more dif®cult, as the genotype's ability to recover from the stress appears more important than drought tolerance during the stress period.
Other than appropriate phenology, high potential yield and ability to maintain high leaf water potential, no speci physiological and morphological characters appear to contribute directly to higher yield under drought conditions in rainfed lowland rice in Thailand, where drought develops rather rapidly due to the prevailing coarse textured soils. It is thus appropriate to develop a breeding program that is primarily based on selection for grain yield. There are large genotype by environment interactions for yield in rainfed lowland rice and hence it is important that genotypes are selected for yield under appropriate target environments. Addition of a drought screening program that is conducted in the ®eld in the wet-season to
the overall breeding program would enhance the opportunity to select for drought resistance within the breeding materials and
increase the chance of developing high yielding cultivars adapted to the drought-prone rainfed lowland environments.#1999
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Screening for drought resistance in rainfed lowland rice
Abstract
In this review, reasons for the slow progress in development of drought resistant cultivars for rainfed lowland rice are considered ®rst. Recent advances in screening methods for development of drought resistant cultivars from mostly our research in Thailand in the 1990s, are then described for drought that develops early or late in the wet-season. There now
appears to be a good prospect for developing drought resistant cultivars that produce higher yield than existing cultivars when drought develops late in the wet-season. Appropriate phenology to escape late-season drought and high potential yield under well-watered conditions are important characters for cultivars adapted to rainfed lowland conditions. In addition, ability to
maintain higher leaf water potential when drought develops late in the season is another desirable character. Maintenance of leaf water potential just prior to ¯owering is associated with higher panicle water potential, reduced delay in ¯owering time, and reduced spikelet sterility, and hence contributes to higher yield. Genotypes that are adapted to areas of late-season drought
should also have high harvest index, intermediate height and rather small total dry matter compared to existing traditional cultivars, under well-watered conditions. This combination of characters would ensure high potential yield under favourable conditions and also contribute to resistance against late-season drought. Screening against early-season drought that develops
during the vegetative stage is more dif®cult, as the genotype's ability to recover from the stress appears more important than drought tolerance during the stress period.
Other than appropriate phenology, high potential yield and ability to maintain high leaf water potential, no speci physiological and morphological characters appear to contribute directly to higher yield under drought conditions in rainfed lowland rice in Thailand, where drought develops rather rapidly due to the prevailing coarse textured soils. It is thus appropriate to develop a breeding program that is primarily based on selection for grain yield. There are large genotype by environment interactions for yield in rainfed lowland rice and hence it is important that genotypes are selected for yield under appropriate target environments. Addition of a drought screening program that is conducted in the ®eld in the wet-season to
the overall breeding program would enhance the opportunity to select for drought resistance within the breeding materials and
increase the chance of developing high yielding cultivars adapted to the drought-prone rainfed lowland environments.#1999
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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