Background
1. Previous experiences in Human Resource Development (HRD)
1.1 No plan, no direction. Previously, HRD in the hospital had relied on
the direction from the central administration. Training programs were sent to the hospital
by various academic associations, colleges and universities. The HRD budget was set as
part of the lumpsum operating expense without detailed HRD plans. This resulted in
unplanned, uncoordinated, and inefficient HRD activities.