This Chapter discusses Horizon’s risk assessment process. Risk assessment means identifying the risks that could cause the financial statements to be materially misstated. One importand aspect ofrisk assessment procedures is to understand the entity and its environment, including its internal control. This understanding is essential in identifying risks of material misstatements, whether due to error or fraud, relating them to the financial statement assertions, and assessing the likelihood that they could cause a material misstatement. Risk assessment procedures related to obtaining an understanding of internal control are discussed in Chapter 9.