• apply developing problem-solving strategies as they pose and solve problems and conduct
investigations, to help deepen their mathematical understanding;
• apply developing reasoning skills (e.g., pattern recognition, classification) to make and
investigate conjectures (e.g., through discussion with others);
• demonstrate that they are reflecting on and monitoring their thinking to help clarify their
understanding as they complete an investigation or solve a problem (e.g., by explaining to
others why they think their solution is correct);
• select and use a variety of concrete, visual, and electronic learning tools and appropriate
computational strategies to investigate mathematical ideas and to solve problems;
• make connections among simple mathematical concepts and procedures, and relate mathematical
ideas to situations drawn from everyday contexts;
• create basic representations of simple mathematical ideas (e.g., using concrete materials;
physical actions, such as hopping or clapping; pictures; numbers; diagrams; invented
symbols), make connections among them, and apply them to solve problems;
• communicate mathematical thinking orally, visually, and in writing, using everyday
language, a developing mathematical vocabulary, and a variety of representations.