• Component elements--a set of tools coupled within a file management system (e.g., a database) that enables access to and management of each software configuration item.
• Process elements--a collection of actions and tasks that define an effective approach to change management (and related activities) for all constituencies involved in the management, engineering, and use of computer software.
• Construction elements--a set of tools that automate the construction of software by ensuring that the proper set of validated components (i.e., the correct version) have been assembled.
• Human elements--a set of tools and process features (encompassing other CM elements) used by the software team to implement effective SCM.