Over the past thirty years, the conceptualization of global strategies by Multinational Corporation has
developed dramatically (Adler, 1997: Bartlett, & Ghoshal 1998), and the implication of these global strategic
models for international human resource processes and practices has no less dramatic (Black et al., 1999).
Despite these important developments, however, major discontinuities between these global structures and the
international human resource processes that are required to implement them remain (Heidenreich, 2012).
The main players in a global knowledge-based economy are multinational companies (MNCs). No one can
deny the importance of MNCs in the current global business environment. Multinational Companies coordinate
and control subsidiaries across national boundaries and are thus obliged to operate in different national contexts
(Heidenreich, 2012).