A total of 14,735 patients underwent randomization from December 2008 through July 2012. Of these patients, 14,671 were included in the inten-tion-to-treat population, with 7332 assigned to receive sitagliptin and 7339 assigned to receive placebo (Fig. 1). The study was closed in March 2015, after the requisite minimum of 1300 patients were confirmed to have had a primary composite outcome. Median follow-up was 3.0 years (interquartile range, 2.3 to 3.8; maximum, 5.7). Overall, 95.1% of patients in the sitagliptin group and 94.1% of those in the placebo group completed the study, with 26.1% and 27.5% of all study patients, respectively, discontinuing study medication prematurely. Vital status was obtained for 97.5% of patients (Fig. 1). The characteristics of the patients at baseline were well balanced between the study groups with respect to demographic characteristics and the use of antihyperglycemic agents and secondary vascular prevention medications (Table S1 in Supplementary Appendix 1). At baseline, the mean (±SD) glycated hemoglobin level was 7.2±0.5%, and patients had been living with dia- betes for a mean of 11.6±8.1 years.