Increasing greenhouse gas emissions coupled with decreasing
annual precipitation in many parts of the world
have increased average growing-season temperatures.
High temperature negatively impacts plant growth and
development, with pollen viability, grain filling and maturation
processes being most conspicuously and severely
affected. Several miRNAs that are induced by heat stress
in poplar and wheat have been identified (Table 1). Furthermore,
miRNA profiles from wheat seedlings exposed to
heat stress (408C) revealed differences in the induction
kinetics of miRNAs between heat-tolerant and -susceptible cultivars