Yet ICTs not only affect how individual activities are performed, but through new information
flows, greatly enhance a company’s ability to exploit linkages between activities, both within and
outside the company (Porter and Millar, 1985). Thus, ICTs can create new, strong linkages
between internal activities, and even coordinate these actions more closely with their consumers
and suppliers to facilitate integration within the company (Leenders, and Wierenga, 2002;
Rothwell, 1994).