Economic, environmental, and social indicators of sustainability are being developed, to address the immediate
concerns for assessing the sustainability of development projects. The major achievement so far has been the
"sustainability triangle" (Serageldin and Steer, 1994), which later was modified as the "sustainability
matrix" (World Bank [b], 1995). All development projects are required to be evaluated on their economic and
financial viability, as well as ecological and social sustainability. Criteria and indicators for ecological
sustainability, such as ecosystem integrity, carrying capacity, and natural resource conservation, are being
developed, but these are poorly defined. Indicators of social sustainability are even more poorly defined,
although the recognized criteria are equity, social mobility, social cohesion, participation, empowerment,
cultural identity, and institutional development.
Economic, environmental, and social indicators of sustainability are being developed, to address the immediate
concerns for assessing the sustainability of development projects. The major achievement so far has been the
"sustainability triangle" (Serageldin and Steer, 1994), which later was modified as the "sustainability
matrix" (World Bank [b], 1995). All development projects are required to be evaluated on their economic and
financial viability, as well as ecological and social sustainability. Criteria and indicators for ecological
sustainability, such as ecosystem integrity, carrying capacity, and natural resource conservation, are being
developed, but these are poorly defined. Indicators of social sustainability are even more poorly defined,
although the recognized criteria are equity, social mobility, social cohesion, participation, empowerment,
cultural identity, and institutional development.
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