Treatments of PE, from both bovine and plant, were tested at concentrations of
1 OµM, 20µM, and 40µM. PE in varying concentrations was tested individually and compared to the positive control, DHA, และ the negative control (no treatment) under phase contrast microscopy at 24 hours, 48 hours and 96 hours. The experiments were repeated in triplicate. [0194] After images were collected, data analysis and comparison was made to determine the effectiveness of each PE in promoting การสร้างเซลล์ประสาทใหม่. การพัฒนาเปลี่ยนแปลงของนิวรอนถุกกำหนดโดย neuronal morphology. Some of these changes include shrinkage of the cytoplasm, and formation of axons and dendrite-like cytoplasmic projections (neurites). These changes begin with the cytoplasm of hADSCs retracting towards the nucleus to form contracted cell bodies with cytoplasmic extensions. Cells eventually develop a morphology that resembles bi-polar, tri-polar and multi-polar neuronal cells. See Figs. 1A and 1 B.