The second contribution by Van Veldhoven and Dorenbosch sheds more light on the role of employee proactivity in relation to aging and career development in the Netherlands. This is done in two ways. Firstly, it is investigated how age and HR practices for development initiated by the organisation influence employee proactivity. That is to say, proactivity is seen as a career-relevant outcome as employees which take a proactive approach towards different facets of their work are expected to deliver sustained productivity in fast and dynamic work contexts (Frese and Fay, 2001). Secondly, the authors examine how age, proactivity and HR practices influence the