both acute and chronic changes within time
periods (3-12 months), and they can be readily
measured and monitored by a project, making
them very good KPIs.
Disease-specific rate changes (such as for malaria
or HIV/AIDS) are far more complex. Malaria rates
tend to have marked seasonal variations, even in
locations that have year-round parasite
transmission. Therefore, the timing and frequency
of community monitoring surveys are critical to
obtaining valid data. Similarly, collecting
community HIV data is a highly sensitive process
that should be performed by or in conjunction with
the relevant public health authorities. However,
disease-prevention efforts (such as for malaria or
HIV) should be strongly encouraged. Many projects
enthusiastically participate in and support such
efforts.
Some projects may benefit from host-country
monitoring systems, such as demographic
surveillance systems (DSS), or other monitoring
information gathered as part of a country-specific
HIA policy and infrastructure. But these types of
monitoring systems typically are not appropriate or
realistic for most small-to-medium projects, whose
needs may be met by a few well-chosen indicators,
such as anthropometric measurements, village-
level disease-specific surveys (malaria),
immunization rates, symptom prevalence surveys,
anemia prevalence, changes in bed-net usage,
drinking-water source and access, and toilet type
and access.
both acute and chronic changes within timeperiods (3-12 months), and they can be readilymeasured and monitored by a project, makingthem very good KPIs.Disease-specific rate changes (such as for malariaor HIV/AIDS) are far more complex. Malaria ratestend to have marked seasonal variations, even inlocations that have year-round parasitetransmission. Therefore, the timing and frequencyof community monitoring surveys are critical toobtaining valid data. Similarly, collectingcommunity HIV data is a highly sensitive processthat should be performed by or in conjunction withthe relevant public health authorities. However,disease-prevention efforts (such as for malaria orHIV) should be strongly encouraged. Many projectsenthusiastically participate in and support suchefforts.Some projects may benefit from host-countrymonitoring systems, such as demographicsurveillance systems (DSS), or other monitoringinformation gathered as part of a country-specificHIA policy and infrastructure. But these types ofmonitoring systems typically are not appropriate orrealistic for most small-to-medium projects, whoseneeds may be met by a few well-chosen indicators,such as anthropometric measurements, village-level disease-specific surveys (malaria),immunization rates, symptom prevalence surveys,anemia prevalence, changes in bed-net usage,drinking-water source and access, and toilet typeand access.
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