Abstract
To ensure the secure transmission of data, cryptography is treated as the most effective solution. Cryptographic key is
an important entity in this process. In general, randomly generated cryptographic key (of 256 bits) is difficult to
remember. However, such a key needs to be stored in a protected place or transported through a shared
communication line which, in fact, poses another threat to security. As an alternative to this, researchers advocate the
generation of cryptographic key using the biometric traits of both sender and receiver during the sessions of
communication, thus avoiding key storing and at the same time without compromising the strength in security.
Nevertheless, the biometric-based cryptographic key generation has some difficulties: privacy of biometrics, sharing of
biometric data between both communicating parties (i.e., sender and receiver), and generating revocable key from
irrevocable biometric. This work addresses the above-mentioned concerns. We propose an approach to generate
cryptographic key from cancelable fingerprint template of both communicating parties. Cancelable fingerprint
templates of both sender and receiver are securely transmitted to each other using a key-based steganography. Both
templates are combined with concatenation based feature level fusion technique and generate a combined
template. Elements of combined template are shuffled using shuffle key and hash of the shuffled template generates
a unique session key. In this approach, revocable key for symmetric cryptography is generated from irrevocable
fingerprint and privacy of the fingerprints is protected by the cancelable transformation of fingerprint template. Our
experimental results show that minimum, average, and maximum Hamming distances between genuine key and
impostor’s key are 80, 128, and 168 bits, respectively, with 256-bit cryptographic key. This fingerprint-based
cryptographic key can be applied in symmetric cryptography where session based unique key is required.
AbstractTo ensure the secure transmission of data, cryptography is treated as the most effective solution. Cryptographic key isan important entity in this process. In general, randomly generated cryptographic key (of 256 bits) is difficult toremember. However, such a key needs to be stored in a protected place or transported through a sharedcommunication line which, in fact, poses another threat to security. As an alternative to this, researchers advocate thegeneration of cryptographic key using the biometric traits of both sender and receiver during the sessions ofcommunication, thus avoiding key storing and at the same time without compromising the strength in security.Nevertheless, the biometric-based cryptographic key generation has some difficulties: privacy of biometrics, sharing ofbiometric data between both communicating parties (i.e., sender and receiver), and generating revocable key fromirrevocable biometric. This work addresses the above-mentioned concerns. We propose an approach to generatecryptographic key from cancelable fingerprint template of both communicating parties. Cancelable fingerprinttemplates of both sender and receiver are securely transmitted to each other using a key-based steganography. Bothtemplates are combined with concatenation based feature level fusion technique and generate a combinedtemplate. Elements of combined template are shuffled using shuffle key and hash of the shuffled template generatesa unique session key. In this approach, revocable key for symmetric cryptography is generated from irrevocablefingerprint and privacy of the fingerprints is protected by the cancelable transformation of fingerprint template. Ourexperimental results show that minimum, average, and maximum Hamming distances between genuine key andimpostor’s key are 80, 128, and 168 bits, respectively, with 256-bit cryptographic key. This fingerprint-basedcryptographic key can be applied in symmetric cryptography where session based unique key is required.
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