The biggest problem I faced as a CMO – and what I hear from heads of marketing everyday – is that tying marketing investments to revenue results is very difficult. There is a computation and data analysis challenge, in tracking leads and contacts from campaign to opportunities. But there is also the issue having the right view on attribution (first touch, last touch, even weighted, statistical, custom, all of the above?). Add to that the fact that marketing often plans several quarters ahead, and may take anywhere from 6 to 18 months to return revenue, and you have a very difficult situation for marketers to accurately measure their results. This frustrates data-driven marketers (which will soon be the only kind, mind you). And bear in mind the context for this: unlike sales, marketing is a much less homogenous group. There are creatives and quants. CMOs want to motivate the eBook writer with revenue-related metrics as much as they want to measure the event manager. This should be possible in an automated fashion, but it hasn’t been. Even where marketers have the wherewithal, there is sometimes a natural friction in getting Sales Ops to change CRM settings. There are direct tradeoffs between sales rep productivity goals and marketing tracking and ROI goals, so the reality is that sometimes marketing has to beg, borrow and steal to get Salesforce changes made.