Women who developed hypertension (systolic blood pressure≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure≥90 mm Hg) alone, proteinuria (≥1+ on dipstick test at the last two successive antenatal visits, or ≥2+ on dipstick test at the last antenatal visit) alone, or both hypertension and proteinuria at and after 20 weeks of gestation were diagnosed as having gestational hypertension, isolated proteinuria, or preeclampsia,respectively