3. Passive solar building design
A notion ‘passive solar building design’ has been arisen so far. In fact, it means heat flows management using
architectural shaping. Architectural shaping is based on logic of heat flows generation and movement. To
development of "solar buildings" is devoted a lot of scientific researches. [3-8]
Passive thermal solar systems use an approach of a heat-carrier agent through this system due to its natural
gravity produced by the difference between densities of a heated and a cooled carrier. Supplementary devices
(a pump, for instance) are used to transfer a heat-carrier agent in active thermal solar systems.
In fact, any object made of glass added to a building from the South side (south-west, south-east) can serve as a
passive thermal solar system. Energy gains generated by an extended glass building (winter garden or an
additional room of practical use) are hot high. Thermal insulated structures (2- 3 double glass units and thermally
insulated profiles) are used to avoid over-heating in summer and over-cooling in winter.
Solar radiation and, consequently, heat flows in a building can be managed by a target-oriented movement of
translucent and non-transparent building elements. Solid structure units are used to accumulate thermal energy.
Interaction between an object made of glass and a main building can be implemented under the following schemes
(Fig. 5) [10]: