Table (4) illustrates the results for items on students’ conception about “thermal properties” of materials. Between 40% and 100% of the respondents have their own ideas regarding all items as follows: · Temperature is a property of a particular material or object. · Metal has the ability to attract, hold, intensify or absorb heat and cold. · Objects that readily become warm do not readily become cold. · Different materials hold the same amount of heat. · The boiling point of water is 100°C (only). · Ice is at 0°C and/or cannot change temperature. · Water cannot be at 0°C. · Steam is more than 100°C. · Materials like wool have the ability to warm things up. · Some materials are difficult to heat: they are more resistant to heating. · Bubbles mean boiling. · The bubbles in boiling water contain “air,” “oxygen,” or “nothing.” 12 · It starts to melt at 420oC 29