Content validity can specify the realm, identify critical dimensions,
and select representative variables. In this study the scale content
validity is guaranteed through exhaustive bibliographic revision. The
scale items all exhibit acceptable fully standardized loadings in
Table 1. All paths relating the items to their assigned construct are also
significant , and the study has adequate
convergent validity .
Table 1 shows that the AVE of each construct exceeds the 0.5
minimum limit , supporting the convergent
validity of this study. Furthermore, this study compares the AVE
of each construct with the square of its correlation with other
constructs to evaluate the discriminant validity . The results in Tables 1 and 2 demonstrate that the AVE value of