A total of three 135 m long transects was established parallel in
fringe forest (near the river bank), through to transitional forest, and
to interior forest during December 2012, with each transect having
three 7m radius circular plots spaced 45m from their respective center,
and the distance between transects was approximately 70m.The fringe
forest was dominated primarily by the A. alba, A. officinalis, and
S.caseolaris(Fig.1).The transitional and interior forests had a highden-
sity of R. apiculata, A. alba, A. officinalis, and B. parviflora (Fig. 1).