The ANOVA identified that there were main effects of clamp (po0:01), clamping method (po0:01), and gender (po0:01), and an interaction effect of clamping height and gripping method (p ¼ 0:01) in the ending phase on mean clamping force. Similar to the clamping phase, the clamping force during the ending phase was significantly larger with the redesigned clamp than with the original clamp. The bar-sliding method had a significantly larger clamping force than the handle-squeezing method. Males exerted greater clamping forces than females. The upside-down gripping method at shoulder height had the least clamping force during the ending phase.