low levels of cognitive development, they found that students with a high level of cognitive
development were more open to inquiry, while students with lower levels of cognitive
development still valued the open format of the lab, but needed special attention and more
guidance. It would have been interesting to determine if self-efficacy levels were correlated
with attitude toward learning in the students in our inquiry labs, as this seemed to come
across for many students in the interviews. If these attitudes and confidence were shown to
correlate with each other, it could help explain some of the lower self-confidence and
resistance expressed by students in the interviews. Administration of an attitude toward
learning questionnaire at the beginning of the semester could help guide instructors in
identifying students upon which to focus this extra guidance.