The final measurement models show a reasonably good fit, and most of the fit indices are above or close to the required minimum threshold level. The ratio of minimum discrepancy to degree of freedom (Chi-square/d.f. ratio) fulfilled the suggested threshold of less than five or preferably less than two (Bentler, 1990). The GFI is above the threshold of 0.90 (Hair et al. 1998), and CFI is close to 1 (Bentler, 1990) for every construct. Composite reliability is an indicator of the shared variance among the set of observed variables used as indicators of a latent construct (Bacon, 1995). The four items included in hedonic shopping motivation online were (1) respondents enjoyed being immersed in exciting new products; (2) respondents enjoyed this shopping trip for its own sake; (3) respondents continued to shop; and (4) respondents had good time acting on the ‘spur of the moment’. The construct reliability for these items was computed to be 0.86, above the recommended value of 0.70 or higher.Inaddition,thecoefficientalphavaluewas0.85,above the threshold valueof0.70that Nunnally (1978)recommends. Moreover, the average variance extracted value was 0.60. It reflects the average communality for each latent factor and is used to establish convergent validity. The average variance extracted value is above the threshold value of 0.50 (Fornell and Larcker, 1981; Chin, 1998; Höck and Ringle, 2006).
The final measurement models show a reasonably good fit, and most of the fit indices are above or close to the required minimum threshold level. The ratio of minimum discrepancy to degree of freedom (Chi-square/d.f. ratio) fulfilled the suggested threshold of less than five or preferably less than two (Bentler, 1990). The GFI is above the threshold of 0.90 (Hair et al. 1998), and CFI is close to 1 (Bentler, 1990) for every construct. Composite reliability is an indicator of the shared variance among the set of observed variables used as indicators of a latent construct (Bacon, 1995). The four items included in hedonic shopping motivation online were (1) respondents enjoyed being immersed in exciting new products; (2) respondents enjoyed this shopping trip for its own sake; (3) respondents continued to shop; and (4) respondents had good time acting on the ‘spur of the moment’. The construct reliability for these items was computed to be 0.86, above the recommended value of 0.70 or higher.Inaddition,thecoefficientalphavaluewas0.85,above the threshold valueof0.70that Nunnally (1978)recommends. Moreover, the average variance extracted value was 0.60. It reflects the average communality for each latent factor and is used to establish convergent validity. The average variance extracted value is above the threshold value of 0.50 (Fornell and Larcker, 1981; Chin, 1998; Höck and Ringle, 2006).
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