A 26-year-old HIV-positive, homosexual, Black male presented to his nurse practitioner (NP) for his quarterly HIV follow-up exam. During the review of systems, the patient reported having a long-standing tender rash on his right hand. The rash was evaluated at a previous visit and he was given an antimicrobial ointment that was ineffective. The rash continued to enlarge and became pruritic. Visual exam of the right palm revealed a single hyperpigmented erythematous peeling lesion on the thenar eminence; the lesion was 3 to 4 cm in length with an area of raised border. The lesion closely resembled a bite mark. Two 0.5- to 1 cm diameter satellite lesions with a similar appearance were present on his right palm near the base of the index and little fingers. The patient’s history included three documented episodes of syphilis. The chart revealed that at the first presentation of the rash 4 months earlier, a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TP-PA) were ordered. The RPR was reactive at a dilution of 1:32. The last documented case of syphilis occurred 1 year ago with an RPR of 1:512. Six months after treatment, his RPR had decreased to 1:16 (indicating full recovery from syphilitic infection (see Syphilis testing). The NP correctly interpreted the RPR of 1:32 as not indicating treatment because it was only a twofold increase from the patient’s nadir. To confirm suspicion of a syphilitic gumma, the patient was referred to a dermatologist for a biopsy
A 26-year-old HIV-positive, homosexual, Black male presented to his nurse practitioner (NP) for his quarterly HIV follow-up exam. During the review of systems, the patient reported having a long-standing tender rash on his right hand. The rash was evaluated at a previous visit and he was given an antimicrobial ointment that was ineffective. The rash continued to enlarge and became pruritic. Visual exam of the right palm revealed a single hyperpigmented erythematous peeling lesion on the thenar eminence; the lesion was 3 to 4 cm in length with an area of raised border. The lesion closely resembled a bite mark. Two 0.5- to 1 cm diameter satellite lesions with a similar appearance were present on his right palm near the base of the index and little fingers. The patient’s history included three documented episodes of syphilis. The chart revealed that at the first presentation of the rash 4 months earlier, a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TP-PA) were ordered. The RPR was reactive at a dilution of 1:32. The last documented case of syphilis occurred 1 year ago with an RPR of 1:512. Six months after treatment, his RPR had decreased to 1:16 (indicating full recovery from syphilitic infection (see Syphilis testing). The NP correctly interpreted the RPR of 1:32 as not indicating treatment because it was only a twofold increase from the patient’s nadir. To confirm suspicion of a syphilitic gumma, the patient was referred to a dermatologist for a biopsy
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