O&Mactivitiesrepresentasignificant shareoftheongoing
expensesduringthelifecycleoftheoffshorewindprojects(Kaldellis
and Kapsali,2013). TheO&Mcostscompriseoflabourcosts(technician
costs), materialcosts(componentcost),transportationcosts(vessels
andassociatedcost), fixedcosts(port,insurance,bidding,etc.)and
potentialrevenuelosses.Inthisrespect,itisimportanttoidentifythe
criticalaspectsthatcansignificantlyreduceoverallcosts.Ithasbeen
identified thatthecostsassociatedwithtransportationsystems
account for73%ofthetotalO&Mcosts(Dinwoodieetal.,2013;
Fingershetal.,2006;Jungingeretal.,2004;Krohnetal.,2009). In
addition, Van BusselandZaaijer(2001) demonstratedthatthecostof
liftingoperationsusingavesselaccountsformorethan50%ofthe
overallO&Mcosts.Therefore,O&Mactivitieshavetobeplanned
carefully,consideringthefactthateconomicbenefits fromproducing
moreenergybyincreasingtheavailabilitydoesnotalwaysleadto
higher profits, sincetheincreaseinthetotalO&Mcostsmaynotbe
compensated(Dalgic etal.,2015b;Santosetal.,2013).
O&Mactivitiesrepresentasignificant shareoftheongoingexpensesduringthelifecycleoftheoffshorewindprojects(Kaldellisand Kapsali,2013). TheO&Mcostscompriseoflabourcosts(techniciancosts), materialcosts(componentcost),transportationcosts(vesselsandassociatedcost), fixedcosts(port,insurance,bidding,etc.)andpotentialrevenuelosses.Inthisrespect,itisimportanttoidentifythecriticalaspectsthatcansignificantlyreduceoverallcosts.Ithasbeenidentified thatthecostsassociatedwithtransportationsystemsaccount for73%ofthetotalO&Mcosts(Dinwoodieetal.,2013;Fingershetal.,2006;Jungingeretal.,2004;Krohnetal.,2009). Inaddition, Van BusselandZaaijer(2001) demonstratedthatthecostofliftingoperationsusingavesselaccountsformorethan50%oftheoverallO&Mcosts.Therefore,O&Mactivitieshavetobeplannedcarefully,consideringthefactthateconomicbenefits fromproducingmoreenergybyincreasingtheavailabilitydoesnotalwaysleadtohigher profits, sincetheincreaseinthetotalO&Mcostsmaynotbecompensated(Dalgic etal.,2015b;Santosetal.,2013).
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โอ & mactivitiesrepresentasignificant shareoftheongoing expensesduringthelifecycleoftheoffshorewindprojects ( kaldellis
และ แคพซาลี 2013 ) ธีโอ & mcostscompriseoflabourcosts ( ค่าใช้จ่าย )
) materialcosts ( componentcost ) transportationcosts ( เรือ
andassociatedcost ) ต้นทุนคงที่ ( พอร์ต , ประกันภัย , ประมูล , ฯลฯ ) และ inthisrespect itisimportanttoidentifythe
,
potentialrevenuelosses .criticalaspectsthatcansignificantlyreduceoverallcosts . ithasbeen thatthecostsassociatedwithtransportationsystems
ระบุบัญชี for73 % ofthetotalo & mcosts ( dinwoodieetal . 2013 ;
fingershetal . , 2006 ; jungingeretal . , 2004 ; krohnetal . , 2009 ) ใน
นอกจากนี้ รถตู้ busselandzaaijer ( 2001 ) demonstratedthatthecostof
liftingoperationsusingavesselaccountsformorethan50 % ของ overallo mcosts.therefore & ,mactivitieshavetobeplanned
o &อย่างระมัดระวัง consideringthefactthateconomicbenefits fromproducing
moreenergybyincreasingtheavailabilitydoesnotalwaysleadto ผลกำไรที่สูงขึ้น sincetheincreaseinthetotalo & mcostsmaynotbe
ชดเชย ( dalgic คณะ . 2015b ; santosetal . 2556 )
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